It is very important for the success of rose cultivation and obtaining
Good growth, abundant and good production of flowers, as well as strong plants that resist diseases and pests, so attention should be paid to developing a good fertilization program and providing the three basic elements, namely nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium on a regular basis
Nitrogen: The plant needs a percentage of nitrogen during the different stages of growth by providing organic fertilizers, but it gets the largest percentage by adding nitrogen fertilizers to the soil. The effect of nitrogen fertilization quickly appears on the plants after adding it; faster than the effect of any other fertilizer; Where the new growth appears in a green color and also there is an increase in the speed of growth and the leaves increase in size as well as the characteristics of the flowers in terms of quantity or quality; Nitrogen also helps to push the rapid vegetative growth of leaves and stems, and nitrogen fertilizer for roses is added in several forms, including
1- Ammonium sulfate.
2- Ammonium nitrate.
3- Sodium nitrate.
4- Calcium nitrate.
5- Urea.
It is usually added to the soil at a rate of one and a half kilograms per 100 square meters.
Phosphorous:
Phosphorous fertilizer is often added to the soil during the sowing period; Phosphorous fertilizer needs a large period of time to become in a form that can be absorbed by the plant; Therefore, it is added during the preparation of the land for planting, that is, before planting. It is a form of superphosphate fertilizer.
1- Single super phosphate fertilizer.
2- Triple Super Phosphate Fertilizer (Tarbol)
Potassium fertilizer:
Potassium is an important fertilizing element, as it helps nitrogen and phosphorous to perform their physiological functions well within the plant tissues. Also in improving the characteristics of flowers; Increasing plant resistance to fungal diseases.
Rose fertilizer:
The following fertilizers can be used to fertilize roses:
1- Organic fertilizers: They may be organic or animal fertilizers. or fish offal; or dried bone meal; Or dried blood powder.
This works on these different fertilizers.
1- Supplying the plant with the main nutrients and some minor elements.
2- It improves the natural properties of the soil.
3- Organic fertilizers provide bacteria in the soil, which helps to quickly analyze nutrients well
Addition rates of organic fertilizers for rose plants:
Organic fertilizers are added to roses at the following rates:
1- In the case of using animal manure; A layer 10 cm thick is added above the soil surface; During the period from the beginning of November to the end of February.
2- In the case of dried blood manure, which contains 12-14% of nitrogen and has a quick and direct effect on vegetative growth; Add a tablespoon at the rate of each plant.
mineral (chemical) fertilization
For rose plants:
This means fertilizing with mineral fertilizers, namely nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium. These mineral fertilizers are faster in their effect than organic fertilizers; Because it contains fertilizing elements in a greater proportion than organic fertilizers; For example, a ton of organic fertilizer contains an amount of nitrogen equivalent to the amount found in 10 kg of ammonium sulfate. Mineral fertilizer may be added in an individual form by what is called nitrogen fertilizer; or phosphorous fertilizer; Or potassium fertilizer, which is known as NPK complete fertilizer, and the most appropriate fertilizer rates of this fertilizer for roses are 4: 8: 4 or 4: 12: 4 of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium.
Ways to add fertilizer to the rose:
First: Fertilization with a mulch:
It is used for fertilizing with NPK mineral fertilizers. When fertilizing by spraying, the following must be strictly taken into account.
1- Not to water the plants at least one day before fertilizing.
2- Shaving the soil or hoeing it superficially before carrying out the composting process.
3- Laying the manure spread over the stubble area; The compost should be at least 10 cm away from the center of the tree.
4- Irrigation is done immediately after spreading the fertilizer.
5- The mineral fertilizer grains should not reach the leaves at all.
Fertilizing roses by spraying:
fertilize rose plants with foliar fertilizer; It does not dispense with the ground fertilization; Spray fertilization leads to an increase in the number of flowers carried on long stems; The percentage increase in the number of flowers resulting from foliar fertilization by spraying was estimated at 20-30%; The quality of the resulting flowers also increases; In terms of size and color. It also leads to darkening the green color of the leaves as well as the size and area of the leaves. Foliar fertilization also helps in resisting fungal diseases that plants may be exposed to. This must be taken into account when conducting the foliar spray fertilization process.
1- Adding a publisher material such as Triton Bee
2’- Use the appropriate concentrations for each fertilizer.
3- Foliar fertilization begins when the leaves open at the beginning of the growing season and is repeated every two weeks until the beginning of June.
Rose fertilization time:
Where the fertilization process must be carried out at the beginning of the period from the opening of the buds until the formation of the flowers; which range from 5-6 weeks; This gives the roses flowers intensively in four periods throughout the year and needs to be fertilized on dates that precede a month and a half.
1- The first period of sowing is on the first of May and the fertilization takes place in the middle of March.
2- The second period of fertilization is on the 20th of June, and the fertilization takes place on the first of May
3- The third period of fertilization is on the 15th of August, and the fertilization takes place on the first of July
4- The fourth period of sowing is on the first of October, and the fertilization takes place on the first of September.
From this and these dates, a fertilizer program can be implemented throughout the year in order to obtain good flowers and many numbers of flowers as well as good and lively plants throughout the year.
Agricultural consultant Mahmoud Mansi
